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The opening of opportunities to for paid work, mainly to the unemployed. Job creation has been a key objective of the ANC and the government for many years, but the reality is that unemployment has risen steadily to current levels which are approaching 40% of the adult population if those who have given up looking for work are excluded. In 2018, President Cyril Ramaphosa announced job creation, especially for young people as a primary goal of government. This goal was to be achieved through: (1) A jobs summit (2) Master plans for the textile and poultry industries (3) The youth employment service (4) Public works programme (5) An employment tax incentive (6) The amavulandlela funding scheme and (7) Public/private partnerships. The COVID-19 pandemic has set job creation back substantially with an estimated 2,2m people losing their jobs. It is expected that many of those people will return to work as the economy recovers. The labour legislation in South Africa is not employer-friendly and makes it difficult and expensive for businesses to fire people - which means that they prefer not to employ people unless they absolutely have to. In general, collective bargaining in South Africa is balanced in favour of the unions and labour and against employers.

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