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A debt instrument issued by a quasi-government organisation such as a municipality or state-owned enterprise (SOE). The term "gilt" is usually reserved for debt issued by the Treasury. Obviously, semi-gilts are less secure than gilts and therefore generally have a higher effective yield to attract investors. If a quasi-government has a substantial amount of debt instruments trading in an organised exchange then the major ratings agencies such as Moodys, Standard and Poors and Fitch will give it a rating and monitor its reliability.