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A linear function representing the realtionship between disposable income and consumer spending. The function assumes that there is a certain amount of spending which is independent of disposable income (called "autonomous consumption") and the balance is determined by the marginal propensity of consumers to spend. The function is C = A + MD where C is total consumption, A is autonomous consumption, M is the marginal propensity to consume and D is the level of disposable income. The function implies that as income rises spending will also rise, but at a slower pace. Other economists (notably Milton Friedman) have questioned this relationship.