List of Glossary Terms
| OANDO PLC |
04 - 11 - 2019 Oando (OAO) is an oil and gas company located primarily in Nigeria. It has listings on both the JSE and the Nigerian stock exchange. The problem with a share like this from... read more |
| OAO |
04 - 11 - 2019 Oando (OAO) is an oil and gas company located primarily in Nigeria. It has listings on both the JSE and the Nigerian stock exchange. The problem with a share like this from... read more |
| OAS |
07 - 05 - 2020 Oasis (OAS) is a property company that manages various properties applying the principles of Islamic finance. It also manages institutional investments and retirement portfolios... read more |
| OASIS CRESCENT PROPERTY FUND |
07 - 05 - 2020 Oasis (OAS) is a property company that manages various properties applying the principles of Islamic finance. It also manages institutional investments and retirement portfolios... read more |
| OBV |
This was the first volume-based technical method developed by Joseph Granville. The method begins with an arbitrary total like 100 000 to which the positive volumes are added and the negative... read more |
| OCE |
08 - 06 - 2020 Oceana (OCE) is Southern Africa's largest fishing business which also has significant fishing interests in the US through its Louisiana-based subsidiary Daybrook Fishing.... read more |
| OCEANA GROUP LTD |
08 - 06 - 2020 Oceana (OCE) is Southern Africa's largest fishing business which also has significant fishing interests in the US through its Louisiana-based subsidiary Daybrook Fishing.... read more |
| OCT |
24 - 04 - 2020 Octodec (OCT) is a real estate investment trust (REIT) which owns properties mainly in the inner cities of Johannesburg (33,9%) and Pretoria (66,1%). It has a large residential... read more |
| OCTODEC INVESTMENTS LIMITED |
24 - 04 - 2020 Octodec (OCT) is a real estate investment trust (REIT) which owns properties mainly in the inner cities of Johannesburg (33,9%) and Pretoria (66,1%). It has a large residential... read more |
| ODD LOTS |
Transactions in shares in quantities other than round hundreds. With the advent of on-line trading and the further computerisation of the JSE, the need for a distinction between "odd lots" and... read more |
| OFF FARM |
The amount of stock held by non-producers including supplies held at mills, elevators, terminals, and processors. |
| OFFER |
An indication of willingness to sell a a share at a given price; the opposite of Bid. |
| OLD MUTUAL LTD |
01- 06 - 2020 Old Mutual (OMU) is a premium African financial services group that offers a broad spectrum of financial solutions to retail and corporate customers across key market segments... read more |
| OLG |
10 - 02 - 2020 OneLogix (OLG) is a logistics company which listed on the JSE in 2004. The company has three divisions - cross-border delivery of new cars (47% of turnover), auto-logistics... read more |
| OLIGOPOLY |
An industry which is dominated by a few very large players who co-operate on the fixing of prices and allocation of contract work. Price fixing and work allocation agreements are a contravention... read more |
| OMN |
23 - 06 - 2020 Omnia (OMN) is a diversified chemicals company supplying products to the agricultural, chemicals and mining industries in South Africa and 48 other countries. The Agricultural... read more |
| OMNIA HOLDINGS LIMITED |
23 - 06 - 2020 Omnia (OMN) is a diversified chemicals company supplying products to the agricultural, chemicals and mining industries in South Africa and 48 other countries. The Agricultural... read more |
| OMU |
01- 06 - 2020 Old Mutual (OMU) is a premium African financial services group that offers a broad spectrum of financial solutions to retail and corporate customers across key market segments... read more |
| ON FARM |
The amount of stock held by producers. |
| ON-BALANCE VOLUME |
This was the first volume-based technical method developed by Joseph Granville. The method begins with an arbitrary total like 100 000 to which the positive volumes are added and the negative... read more |
| ONELOGIX GROUP LIMITED |
10 - 02 - 2020 OneLogix (OLG) is a logistics company which listed on the JSE in 2004. The company has three divisions - cross-border delivery of new cars (47% of turnover), auto-logistics... read more |
| ONLINE TRADING |
Buying and selling of securities over the Internet. A number of stockbroking firms are offering the ability to buy and sell shares over the internet. Brokerage is usually less than for trades... read more |
| OPEC |
Commonly known as OPEC, this consists mostly of Arab countries that control the bulk of the world's oil exports. OPEC has managed in the past to increase oil prices by restricting supply, but... read more |
| OPEN |
The price of the first transaction of the day in any share or security. The opening price is critical to the drawing of candlestick charts. If the market closes above its opening then the bulls... read more |
| OPEN INTEREST |
The total number of futures or options contracts of a given commodity that have not yet been offset by an opposite futures or option transaction nor fulfilled by delivery of the commodity or... read more |
| OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS |
The buying and selling of government securities (mainly bonds) in the open market by the Reserve Bank in order to control the money supply. Doing this allows for the amount of money in the banking... read more |
| OPEN ORDER |
An order still pending or on the books to buy or sell securities, but not yet executed. An open order will remain in effect until it is either executed or cancelled or subject to validity constraints... read more |
| OPEN OUTCRY |
A method of public auction for making bids and offers in the trading pits of futures exchanges. Stock exchanges also used to operate this way, but today most are electronic, with the notable... read more |
| OPEN TRADE EQUITY |
The gain or loss on open futures positions. |
| OPENING CALL |
A period at the opening of a futures market in which the price for each contract is established by outcry. |
| OPENING PRICE |
The price of the first transaction of the day in any share or security. The opening price is critical to the drawing of candlestick charts. If the market closes above its opening then the bulls... read more |
| OPENING PRINT |
The first price of a stock that comes across the ticker for a trading session. |
| OPENING RANGE |
The range of prices that occur during the first 30 seconds to five minutes of trading, depending on the preference of the individual analyst. |
| OPERATING CASH FLOW |
The amount of cash which a company brings in from its sales or turnover minus interest, taxation and dividends paid, and excluding income from investments. This is used to calculate the company's... read more |
| OPERATING INCOME |
An income statement item usually immediately following the statement of turnover, but not directly linked to it by calculation. Because finance costs are normally shown on the face of the income... read more |
| OPPORTUNITY COST |
Income foregone by the commitment of resources to another use. For example, if you use some of your capital to buy shares then you suffer the opportunity cost of not being in a fixed interest... read more |
| OPTIMISATION |
A methodology by which a system is developed with rules tailored to fit the data in question precisely. A computer program can test every moving average from 1-day to 200-day, buying and selling... read more |
| OPTION CONTRACT |
An option contract which gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specified quantity of a commodity or a futures contract at a specific price within a specified period... read more |
| OPTION HOLDER |
An investor who holds (owns) an option. |
| OPTION PREMIUM |
The price a buyer pays (and a seller receives) for an option. Premiums are arrived at through open outcry. There are two components in determining this price -- extrinsic (or time) value and... read more |
| OPTIONAL CASH PURCHASE |
Buying additional shares made through the dividend reinvestment account. |
| ORDER |
... read more |
| ORDINARY RESOLUTION |
A resolution which requires the approval or 50% or more of the voting shares of a company. Typically this would be the appointment of directors, approval of employment equity schemes and other... read more |
| ORDINARY SHARE |
Also sometimes called "equity" shares, these shares share in the profits and risks of the company. Unlike the fixed dividend paid to preference shareholders, the ordinary dividend is decided... read more |
| ORDINARY SHARE CAPITAL |
Capital of a company represented by the number of its ordinary shares. |
| ORDINARY SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS |
The funds which the ordinary shareholders have in a company. This can normally be calculated by subtracting the company's liabilities from its assets. Shareholders' funds is a critical element... read more |
| ORE |
08 - 10 - 2019 This is a real estate investment trust that was suspended on the JSE in October 2018 because it had not produced audited financial statements by the deadline. On 29th March... read more |
| ORGANIC GROWTH |
This is growth from within the company's existing businesses - as opposed to growth by acquisition. Both types of growth can be good, but growth by acquisition is generally more risky because... read more |
| ORGANISATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES |
Commonly known as OPEC, this consists mostly of Arab countries that control the bulk of the world's oil exports. OPEC has managed in the past to increase oil prices by restricting supply, but... read more |
| ORION MINERALS LIMITED |
29 - 05 - 2020 Orion Minerals (ORN) is an Australian exploration company which is listed on the JSE and on the Australian Stock Exchange in Sydney. It is trying to find funding for its copper... read more |
| ORION REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST LTD |
08 - 10 - 2019 This is a real estate investment trust that was suspended on the JSE in October 2018 because it had not produced audited financial statements by the deadline. On 29th March... read more |
| ORN |
29 - 05 - 2020 Orion Minerals (ORN) is an Australian exploration company which is listed on the JSE and on the Australian Stock Exchange in Sydney. It is trying to find funding for its copper... read more |
| OSCILLATOR |
A statistical term which refers to an indicator which moves above and below a set level - usually zero. Many line indicators are oscillators - like the Overbought/Oversold (OB/OS) and the MACD.... read more |
| OTC MARKET |
Over-the-counter market - a market which is normally not licensed or an informal market for the trading of securities. There is therefore no formal settlement through a clearing house nor is... read more |
| OUT-OF-THE-MONEY OPTION |
... read more |
| OUTSIDE DAY |
A bottom candlestick reversal signal, this is a two candlestick pattern consisting of a large green candle enveloping a preceding red candle. This pattern implies that the trend is likely to... read more |
| OUTSIDE REVERSAL MONTH |
A month in which the recent monthly trading range exceeds the previous month's range and closes opposite (reverses) the previous month's close.
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| OUTSIDE SHAREHOLDERS |
A shareholding of less than 50% of the total issued share capital of a company. Companies work on the principle of majority rule - decisions are made by the majority of votes in the company.... read more |
| OVER INVESTING |
Beginners in the share market are typically guilty of over-investing in two ways - either they put too great a percentage of their available funds into a single trading idea, or they commit more... read more |
| OVER-PRICED |
This describes a share which has a market price in excess of its "real" value - in the opinion of the person who uses the term. The real value of a share is always a matter of opinion, and at... read more |
| OVER-REACTION |
A situation which arises after news concerning a share is disseminated and investors push the price to levels beyond reasonable discounting of the news - i.e. they over-react. Such situations... read more |
| OVER-SUBSCRIBED |
When a company raises new capital by selling shares to the public they invite applications for a limited quantity of shares. If the company is perceived as having a bright future, then sometimes... read more |
| OVER-SUBSCRIPTION |
This occurs where the applications for a new issue of shares exceed the number of shares available for issue. This often happens because the shares are offered to the public at a price below... read more |
| OVER-THE-COUNTER |
Trading of shares which are not listed on a formal stock exchange. In America there are about 80 000 companies that trade their shares in this manner - mostly small "mom-and pop" outfits which... read more |
| OVERALL INDEX |
All stock exchanges have indexes which provide averages of the prices of their listed shares. These averages are normally "weighted" so that larger companies are more important and smaller companies... read more |
| OVERBOUGHT/OVERSOLD INDICATOR |
An indicator that attempts to define when prices have moved too far and too fast in either direction and thus are vulnerable to a reaction. The OB/OS indicator is calculated by expressing the... read more |
| OVERFITTING |
The parameters of a trading system are selected to return the highest profit over the historical data. |
| OVERSOLD |
Market prices that have declined too steeply and too fast. |